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May 04, 2013

flying: The Strangest Contraptions

A member of local ultralight association has a gyroplane, and I saw it flying today. Nothing new for anyone who's been to Youtube, but still, it's quite nifty. In a nutshell, you get an aircraft that "does 90% of what a helicopter can do for 1/10th of the cost". Although a gyroplane cannot hover, it can land and take off in fairly confined spaces. Since the rotor is always in auto-rotation, an engine failure is a much less dramatic event than in a helicopter.

The most intriguing attribute of a gyroplane for me is its ability to operate in higher winds than airplanes. This problem is particularly acute in ultralight and sub-LSA airplanes with small wing loading. Many must stop operations as soon as it blows 7 knots, but a gyro easily lands in 30 knots from any direction.

Disadvantages exist as well. The "1/10th of the cost" only applies to the purchase price and maintenance, but the fuel consumption is pretty much the same as helicopter's, which is higher than in a comparable airplane. They are slow and their range is limited. The vaunted reliability is offset by rather odd handling. Remember that it's paramount to keep the air flowing through the rotor disk, so hitting a stiff downdraft may become fatal even high up. Training is hard to find and flying gyroplanes requires specialized skills.

Oh, and there's no legal way to buy a factory-new one in U.S.A. The bureaucrats forgot to include them into the LSA regulations, and nobody sells a certified model. Gyroplanes undergo a renaissance around the world, and most excellent European models have to be disassembled and then reassembled by owners using the 51% rule. Of course, unlike kitplanes, they do not become cheaper in such case. Buy American, I suppose.

So, not a silver bullet. But if I had a ranch, I would definitely look into getting one of these.

Posted by: Pete Zaitcev at 07:26 PM | Comments (3) | Add Comment
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1 I've actually been interested in these for awhile. Saw one a long time ago in PopSci at my grandfather's house, not much information about them around though.

Posted by: kazriko at May 05, 2013 09:04 AM (sC9sS)

2 I live in a rental, so the runway length is not very important for me. I'm going to operate from an airport anyway. But I know of many people who wanted to keep aicraft on a property, and in many cases fitting a proper runway is difficult. These can fly out of a driveway.

Posted by: Pete Zaitcev at May 05, 2013 10:48 AM (RqRa5)

3 Most of them have pre-rotators that can significantly reduce their takeoff run. In fact, back when they made big ones, there was competition to see who could build one with enough oomph to take off vertically before going into regular flight.

The biggest piloting danger comes from the current designs that lack significant horizontal stabilizers. "Power Push-over" happens when the pilot mistakenly reduces his AOA BEFORE reducing power after a climb. As a result, he unloads all the drag from the rotor, which is well above the thrust line, while all the cockpit drag below the thrust line remains. The result is a spectacular tumble with Gyroscopic forces doing what they do, and no way to recover.

Better designs avoid this by keeping the cockpit drag closer to the thrust centerline.  It wasn't a problem in the original ones that looked like wingless biplanes (the tractor configuration helped too).  But in ultralights, that requires long landing gear legs, and nobody wants that.

Posted by: Mauser at May 30, 2013 12:50 PM (cZPoz)

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